Nigeria’s Sticky Inflation Threatens to Frustrate Rate-Cut Hopes
Nigeria’s long-awaited interest rate-cutting cycle risks being short-lived if it starts at all.
Governor Godwin Emefiele said last month the Central Bank of Nigeria may reduce its benchmark from a record-high 14 percent before July if inflation drops closer to single digits.
But with fuel costs surging and government spending swelling before next year’s election, he may struggle to reach that threshold at a time when the pace of price growth is still just over 15 percent.
“With inflation remaining sticky, it is unlikely that the CBN would want to cut rates so soon,” Gaimin Nonyane, London-based economic-research head at Ecobank Transnational Inc., said by email.
Further complicating the picture is the Senate’s refusal to approve President Muhammadu Buhari’s nominees to the Monetary Policy Committee, which means the panel lacks a quorum to hold meetings to formally set rates, further delaying any hope of cuts. The MPC didn’t sit in January, and it’s not clear if the March 20 decision will be made.
The inflation rate in Africa’s most-populous nation rose to 15.1 percent in January from a year earlier and has exceeded the target range of 6 percent to 9 percent for 2 1/2 years. The statistics agency is due to release data for February on March 14.
Africa’s largest oil producer imports almost all its refined-fuel requirements because local capacity can’t match demand.
While higher crude prices have increased Nigeria’s revenue, they have also raised the cost of processed products, with the average gasoline price surging 27 percent in January from a year earlier.
The resultant fuel shortages prompted retailers to boost pump prices above the official cap of 145 naira ($0.40) a liter, adding to inflationary pressures.
“Unless fuel pricing is resolved, bouts of fuel shortages could keep prices sticky, feeding into other items,” said Razia Khan, head of macroeconomic research at Standard Chartered Bank Plc in London.
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